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Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, Vol.6, No.6, C88-C91, 2003
High performance nanostructured Ni-Mn alloy for microsystem applications
A process has been developed for the electrodeposition of a high strength, heat resistant Ni-Mn alloy for high aspect ratio microstructures (HARMST). A conventional Ni sulfamate electrolyte is employed with the addition of a small amount of manganese chloride. The deposits are low stress (< &SIM;60 MPa tensile), enabling the deposition of thick section films required for HARMST. The Mn content for the alloys of interest is less than about 1 wt %, and its codeposition is insensitive to mass-transport effects, permitting uniform alloy deposition, regardless of feature aspect ratio. A pulsed deposition scheme is employed to fabricate a nanostructured film consisting of alternating nanometer thick regions of relatively pure Ni, and hard, Mn-rich Ni; this moderates the high stress of the NiMn alloy and enables the deposition of thick deposits. Yield strengths of over 800 MPa are achievable, with good as-plated ductility (&SIM;6%). The material loses only about 15% of its original strength after a 1 h, 600&DEG;C anneal, and no embrittlement is observed since no S-bearing additives are employed. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society.