A new cry gene (cry1Ca9) was cloned and sequenced from a Bacillus thuringiensis isolate native to Taiwan (G10-01A). The cry1C-type gene, designated cry1Ca9, consisted of an open reading frame of 3,567 bp, encoding a protein of 1,189 amino acid residues. The polypeptide has the deduced amino acid sequences predicting molecular masses of 134.7 kDa. The gene sequence was compared against the GenBank nucleotide sequence data base. It was found that the cry1Ca9 gene coded for a 134.7-kDa protoxin which had greater than 99.8% homology with the previously reported cry1Ca1 gene, as only three mismatches were found between the two amino acid sequences. When the Cry1Ca9 toxin was expressed in a crystal-negative strain of B. thuringiensis (cryB(-)), elliptical crystals were produced. Cell extracts from this recombinant strain appear to have high insecticidal activity against lepidopteran larvae (Plutella xylostella).