Inulin, the polydisperse polyfructose, extracted from chicory, was modified via esterification with acyl phosphonates. The grafting of an acyl chain onto the inulin backbone under different conditions led to a highly efficient synthesis of a series of inulin esters, with interesting tensioactive properties. The derivatives were evaluated in oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions with isoparaffinic oil, Isopar M. Therefore, a 2% (w/v) aqueous solution of inulin-based surfactant was used in 50/50 O/W emulsions, in nonelectrolyte, and in electrolyte media, using 1 M MgSO4. Longer acyl chains, e.g., dodecanoyl (C12), hexadecanoyl (C16), and octadecanoyl (C18), with degrees of substitution lower than 0.5, gave rise to the highest emulsion stabilities against coalescence.