Biomacromolecules, Vol.7, No.5, 1496-1501, 2006
Polystyrene microgel amphiphiles with maltohexaose. Synthesis, characterization, and potential applications
4-Vinylbenzyl maltohexaoside peracetate (1) was copolymerized with divinylbenzene (DVB) using 1-phenyl-1( (2', 2', 6', 6'-tetramethyl-1'-piperidinyloxy) ethane (2) in m-xylene. The copolymerizations were performed at 138 degrees C for 20 h using the mole fraction of 1 in the total feed of 1 and DVB (F-1: [1]/[1]+[DVB]) varying from 0.11 to 0.38, affording polymeric products in yields ranging from 32 to 40%. The characterizations by linear PS-calibrated size exclusion chromatography (SEC), dynamic laser light scattering (DLS) measurements, and H-1 NMR spectroscopy indicated that the product was assignable to the cross-linked poly(4-vinylbenzyl maltohexaoside peracetate) particle which is able to produce stable solutions, i.e., the PSt microgel with acetyl maltohexaose, 3. The specific rotations ([alpha](D)(23), c) 1.0 CHCl3) of 3 ranged from +43.3 degrees to +85.6 degrees. The average molar masses determined by the static laser light scattering (SLS) measurement of 3, M-w,M- SLS's, were from 64 700 to 118 000, which were calculated using the respective refractive index increments, dn/dc's, ranging from 0.03387 to 0.08340 The apparent numbers of the 1, 2, and DVB units in 3, N-1, N-2, and N-DVB, which were estimated from the respective [ R] D 23 values, Mw, SLS's, and real yields, ranged from 22 to 35, from 7 to 26, and from 146 to 506, respectively. The deacetylation of 3 was achieved by treatment with sodium methoxide in dry 1,4-dioxane to produce the PSt microgel with maltohexaose as the hydrophilic segment, 4, as a white solid. The solubility of 4 in various solvents was examined, indicating that a hydrophilic property was effectively introduced. Notably, 4 gave clear solutions in the mixed solvent of 1,4-dioxane and H2O. The ability to solubilize fullerite (mixture of fullerenes, C-60/C-70) ca. 9/1) in aqueous solutions was examined according to the literature method. Approximately, 100 mg of 4 (1.7 mu mol) solubilizes 1.3 mg of fullerite (1.7 mu mol).