The pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta are two of the important mediators involved in the several chronic inflammatory diseases. We used the release of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human PBMC as inflammatory indexes to discover the potential anti-inflammatory candidates. Among near 500 chemical compounds, MT4 had the suppressive action on the release of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta in PBMC with IC50 values of 22 and 44 nM, respectively. After verified the MT4 inhibitory mechanism, the results revealed that p38 alpha and p38 beta MAPK activity was inhibited by MT4 with an IC50 value of 0.13 and 0.55 mu M, respectively. Further characterization of enzyme kinetics showed the binding mode of MT4 was competitive with the ATP substrate-binding site of p38 alpha MAPK. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.