Desalination, Vol.113, No.2-3, 235-246, 1997
Modelling non-Newtonian behaviour of gel layers at membrane surfaces in membrane filtration
A model for shear rate, velocity and shear stress has been developed. The paper includes the algorithm, the array of calculated data and graphic visualizations. Momentum balance equations and the power law equation (reflecting non-Newtonian behaviour of the gel) are the core of the model. The paper covers pseudoplastic and dilatant time-independent gel flows. The model, developed for a plate-and-frame configuration of the unit, was based on the following conceptual framework: one-dimensional, longitudinal, uniform gel flow; gel properties are independent of applied pressure; isothermal conditions; no slip at the wall; field of apparent gel viscosity has a non-isotropic configuration; and properties of the gel are independent of time under shear. The model permits simulation and analysis of non-Newtonian behaviour of the gel under the influence of various parameters and factors. The configuration of the shear rate field, velocity profile and shear stress field is a multivariable function which depends on the following variables: index in the power law, viscosity and velocity of solution to be separated, longitudinal pressure difference, thickness of the gel layer, and geometry parameters of the channel. The model is of interest for modelling and quantification of momentum losses in gel and can be incorporated in a sophisticated algorithm for modelling hybrid operations.