Mechanical alloying and hot-pressing consolidation were applied for the manufacturing of gamma-TiAl alloys with additions of 5, 10 and 15 at.% Nb. The microstructure shows numerous twins within the gamma-TiAl phase in the hot-pressed alloys. The grain size (about 0.5 mum) is much smaller than in the cast alloys. Local chemical analysis indicates that Ti is preferentially replaced by Nb in all phases present. The high-resolution microstructure contains regularly spaced dislocations within the (alpha(2)/-gamma interface, resulting from a rotation between the {1 1 1 }gamma and {2 0 1}alpha(2) planes by 2.5degrees. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.