CdMoO4 powders with well-controlled shapes, including sphere, cake, cubic sugar, flake, and floccule have been successfully synthesized by a low-temperature (<= 90 degrees C) hydrothermal method. The effects of pH, reaction time, and temperature on the crystalline size and shape were explored by using X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Room-temperature photoluminescence spectra of the as-synthesized CdMoO4 crystallites were also investigated, which showed that their optical properties obviously relied on the particle size and morphology of CdMoO4 powders.