Journal of Molecular Catalysis A-Chemical, Vol.156, No.1-2, 255-266, 2000
Is the zeolite-catalyzed amination of styrenes possible?
The direct amination of olefins is an elegant and environmentally benign procedure to form amines as could be nicely demonstrated in the BASF tert-butylamine process. Therefore, it was of great interest to synthesize the valuable intermediate 1-phenyl-ethylamine according to that method. The conversion of styrene to the desired amine is feasible, but strongly limited by the thermodynamic equilibrium. Furthermore, the strong tendency of styrene to polymerize hinders a smooth reaction to 1-phenyl-ethylamine. The reaction was carried out in the presence of weakly acidic zeolites such as H-B-MFI and H-B-BEA under various reaction conditions. Due to the results, the direct amination of styrene seems to be not possible with high yields whereas the nucleophilic substitution of the 1-phenylethanol with ammonia yields the desired amine. Such investigations have been also transferred to other styrene derivatives.