Highly ordered CoSb3 nanowire arrays have been fabricated successfully by direct current electrodeposition from aqueous solution into the pores of a porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template. Extensive characterization of the as-synthesized sample has been performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The analysis indicates that the CoSb3 nanowires are single crystals with highly preferential orientation and the atomic ratio of Co to Sb is very close to 1:3.