By using the sub-phase, which contains two different kinds of counter-ions, we found a reversible thermochromic transition between different J-aggregate states of amphiphilic merocyanine dye (MD) molecules in the monolayer at the air-water interface. This chromatic change is attributed to the structural phase transition of MD J-aggregate crystallites induced by the mutual recombination of different counter-ions to MD molecules. The drastic morphological change of the MD monolayer during the transition is revealed by the in-situ observation using a multipurpose non-linear optical microscope.