Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol.111, No.11, 2067-2076, 2007
Influence of single impurity atoms on the structure, electronic, and magnetic properties of Ni-5 clusters
With a gradient-corrected density functional method, we have studied computationally the influence of single impurity atoms on the structure, electronic, and magnetic properties of Ni-5 clusters. The square-pyramidal isomer of bare Ni-5 with six unpaired electrons was calculated 23 kJ/mol more stable than the trigonal bipyramid in its lowest-energy electronic configuration with four unpaired electrons. In a previous study on the cluster Ni-4, we had obtained only one stable isomer with an O or an H impurity, but we located six minima for ONi5 and five minima for HNi5. In the most stable structures of HNi5, the H atom bridges a Ni-Ni edge at the base or the side of the square pyramid, similarly to the coordination of an H atom at the tetrahedral cluster Ni-4. The most stable ONi5 isomers exhibit a trigonal bipyramidal structure of the Ni-5 moiety, with the impurity coordinated at a facet, (mu(3)-O)Ni-5, or at an apex edge, (mu-O)Ni-5. We located four stable structures for a C impurity at a Ni-5 cluster. As for CNi4, the most stable structure of the corresponding Ni-5 complex comprises a four-coordinated C atom, (mu(4)-C)Ni-5, and can be considered as insertion of the impurity into a Ni-Ni bond of the bare cluster. All structures with C and five with O impurity have four unpaired electrons, while the number of unpaired electrons in the clusters HNi5 varies between 3 and 7. As a rough trend, the ionization potentials and electron affinities of the clusters with impurity atoms decrease with the coordination number of the impurity. However, the position of the impurity and the shape of the metal moiety also affect the results. Coordination of an impurity atom leads to a partial oxidation of the metal atoms.