UV photolysis of the ferric aerobactin complex results in decarboxylation of the R-hydroxy carboxylic acid group of the central citrate moiety of aerobactin. The structure determination of the photooxidized ligand shows that decarboxylation occurs at the citrate moiety forming a 3-ketoglutarate moiety. Proton and carbon-13 NMR establish the presence of keto and enol tautomers of the apo-photoproduct, with the enol form prevailing in water. The photoproduct retains the ability to coordinate iron(III). The values of the ligand protonation constants, the p K a of the Fe(III)-ligand complex, and the Fe(III) stability constant of the photoproduct of aerobactin are all close to those of aerobactin. CD spectroscopy suggests that the chirality of the ferric complexes of aerobactin and its photoproduct are similar. Like aerobactin, the photoproduct promotes iron acquisition by the source bacterium, Vibrio sp. DS40M5.