Applied Chemistry, Vol.10, No.2, 709-712, November, 2006
H2 Uptake in Ni and Rh exchanged Zeolites
Hydrogen has an outstanding potential as an energy source due to its abundant availability, nonpollutin fuel as it forms water as a by-product during use. However, an efficient and practicable hydrogen storage and delivery system is one of the key components for the success fo hydrogen fuel for various applications such as stationary, industrial or transportation. Conventional approaches for hydrogen storage such as high pressure gas cylinders and condensed hydrogen have their limitations to use in transportation. Hydrogen can be physisorbed at solid surfaces; however, adsorption capacity of hydrogen on a solid material depends on its surface area, absorption temperature and pressure. Zeolites are crystalline nanoporous aluminosilicates with high surface area due to three dimensional networks of pores. However, due to weak interactions of hydrogen with zeolite surface, physisorption of hydrogen in zeolites is low and observed at low temperatures. In this paper, we present a new approach to enhance sorption capacity of hydrogen in zeolites at ambient temperature by exchanging transition metal ions like Rh, Ni which from hydrides with hydrogen with extra framework cations of zeolites. Hydrogen adsorption studies are conducted at 77K up to 1.2 bar and 303K up to 5 bar using volumetric and gravimetric sorption equipments respectively. The hydrogen uptake is found decreasing as the percentage exchange of the Ni2+ and Rh3+ cations increases. This decrease is explained in terms of the loss of crystallinity of the zeolite as observed from x-ray diffraction and the decrease in the total number of cations in the zeolite frame work during exchange. At 303K, chemisorption of hydrogen occurs for both the cation exchanged zeolite-x with Rh exchanged zeolites showing much higher uptake (83cc/g of zeolite at 5 bar) than Ni-exchanged (18cc/g of zeolite at 5 bar) zeolite X.