Preparation and Properties of Crosslinkable Waterborne Polyurethanes Containing Aminoplast(I)

Ji Yun Kwon; Han Do Kim

Macromolecular Research, Vol.14, No.3, 373-382, June, 2006

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Preparation and Properties of Crosslinkable Waterborne Polyurethanes Containing Aminoplast(I)

Ji Yun Kwon, and Han Do Kim^†

Department of Textile Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea

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A series of crosslinkable, waterborne polyurethanes (I-WBPUs) were prepared by in-situ polymerization using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI)/poly(tetramethylene oxide) glycol (PTMG, Mn=2,000)/ dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA)/ethylene diamine (EDA)/triethylamine(TEA)/aminoplast [hexakis(methoxymethyl)melamine (HMMM)] as a crosslinking agent. Typical crosslinkable, waterborne polyurethanes (B-WBPUs) blended from WBPU dispersion and aqueous HMMM solution was also prepared to compare with the I-WBPUs. The crosslinking reaction between WBPU and HMMM was verified using FTIR and XPS analysis. The effect of the HMMM contents on the dynamic mechanical thermal, thermal, mechanical, and adhesion properties of the I-WBPU and B-WBPU films were investigated. The storage modulus (E'), glass transition temperatures of the soft segment (Tgs) and the amorphous regions of higher order (Tgh), melting temperature (Tm), integral procedural decomposition temperature (IPDT), residual weight, T10% and T50% (the temperature where 10 and 50% weight loss occurred), tensile strength, initial modulus, hardness, and adhesive strength of both I-WBPU and B-WBPU systems increased with increasing HMMM content. However, these properties of the I-WBPU system were higher than those of the B-WBPU system at the same HMMM content. These results confirmed the in-situ polymerization used in this study to be a more effective method to improve the properties of the WBPU materials compared to the simple blending process.

Keywords:crosslinking;waterborne-polyurethanes;in-situ polymerization;aminoplast

[References]

Dimitrievski I, Malavasic T, Prog. Org. Coat., 32, 51 (1995)
Koleske J, ASTM Standardization News, October, 24 (1995)
Santer U, J. Prog. Org. Coat., 12, 309 (1994)
Mequanint K, Sanderson R, Pasch H, Polymer, 43(19), 5341 (2002)
Kang SH, Ku DC, Lim JH, Yang YK, Kwak NS, Hwang TS, Macromol. Res., 13(3), 212 (2005)
Mequanint K, Sanderson R, Polymer, 44(9), 2631 (2003)
Morgans W, in Outlines of Paint Technology, Halsted Press, New York, Chap. 11 (1990)
Mirgel V, Sonntag M, Eur. Coatings J., 10, 690 (1994)
Quan D, Dickey EC, Andrews R, Rantell T, Appl. Phys. Lett., 76, 2868 (2000)
Jung M, Cho JW, Journal of the Korean Fiber Society, 41, 73 (2004)
Kwak YS, Kim HD, Fibers and Polymers, 3, 153 (2002)
Otterbein W, Pollano G, Modern Paint and Coatings, March, 32 (1995)
Marquez A, Uribe J, Cruz R, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 66(12), 2221 (1997)
Eling B, in Polyurethane Technology & Applications, S. Lee, Ed., Huntsman International, Everberg, Belgium, 2002, Chap. 25, pp 379-383 (2002)
HanquaerD, (Textron Inc.), US Patent 4, 203, 883 (1998)
Jotischky H, Eur. Coatings J., 10, 696 (1995)
Schoff C, ASTM Standardization News, October, 24 (1995)
Triplett T, Industrial Paint and Powder, 10, 28 (1995)
Orr RB, Chicsky L, (Seton Co.), US Patent 4, 690, 953 (1987)
Wickert FA, (Glidden Co.), US Patent 5, 066, 705 (1991)
Tamaki Y, Ueda S, (Dainippon Ink & Chemicals), Jpn. Patent 5, 202, 162 (1993)
Thoma W, Nachtkamp K, Schroeer W, Langel R, (Bayer), Ger. Offen, DE 3313237 (1984)
Matsuda K, Ohmura H, Sakai T, (Kao Soap), Ger. Offen, DE 2632544 (1997)
Kennedy R, Eur. Coatings J., 10, 670 (1994)
Dijk HV, in Waterborne & Solvent Based Surface Coating Resins and Their Applications, SITA Technology Ltd, London, U. K., Vol. 2, pp 8-45 (1999)
Barrett R, in Waterborne Coatings and Additives, D. Karsa and W. Davies, Eds., The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK, pp 85-104 (1995)
Blank WJ, Tramontano VJ, Prog. Org. Coat., 27, 11 (1996)
David DJ, Staley HB, “Analytical Chemistry of Polyurethanes”, High Polymer Series, Wiley-Interscience, New York, Vol. 16, Part 3 (1969)
Chen W, Krisch KC, Kenney DJ, Wong SJMS, Polymer, 29, 567 (1992)
Kwak YS, Kim EY, Kim HD, Lee JB, Colloid Polym. Sci., 283, 880 (2005)
Doyle CD, Anal. Chem., 33, 77 (1961)
Hiura H, Ebbesen TW, Takagi K, Takahashi H, Chem. Phys. Lett., 202, 509 (1993)
Subramani S, Lee JM, Kim JH, Cheong IW,, Macromol. Res., 13(5), 418 (2005)

[Referenced By]

[1] Dimitrievski I, Malavasic T, Prog. Org. Coat., 32, 51 (1995)

[2] Koleske J, ASTM Standardization News, October, 24 (1995)

[3] Santer U, J. Prog. Org. Coat., 12, 309 (1994)

[4] Mequanint K, Sanderson R, Pasch H, Polymer, 43(19), 5341 (2002)

[5] Kang SH, Ku DC, Lim JH, Yang YK, Kwak NS, Hwang TS, Macromol. Res., 13(3), 212 (2005)

[6] Mequanint K, Sanderson R, Polymer, 44(9), 2631 (2003)

[7] Morgans W, in Outlines of Paint Technology, Halsted Press, New York, Chap. 11 (1990)

[8] Mirgel V, Sonntag M, Eur. Coatings J., 10, 690 (1994)

[9] Quan D, Dickey EC, Andrews R, Rantell T, Appl. Phys. Lett., 76, 2868 (2000)

[10] Jung M, Cho JW, Journal of the Korean Fiber Society, 41, 73 (2004)

[11] Kwak YS, Kim HD, Fibers and Polymers, 3, 153 (2002)

[12] Otterbein W, Pollano G, Modern Paint and Coatings, March, 32 (1995)

[13] Marquez A, Uribe J, Cruz R, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 66(12), 2221 (1997)

[14] Eling B, in Polyurethane Technology & Applications, S. Lee, Ed., Huntsman International, Everberg, Belgium, 2002, Chap. 25, pp 379-383 (2002)

[15] HanquaerD, (Textron Inc.), US Patent 4, 203, 883 (1998)

[16] Jotischky H, Eur. Coatings J., 10, 696 (1995)

[17] Schoff C, ASTM Standardization News, October, 24 (1995)

[18] Triplett T, Industrial Paint and Powder, 10, 28 (1995)

[19] Orr RB, Chicsky L, (Seton Co.), US Patent 4, 690, 953 (1987)

[20] Wickert FA, (Glidden Co.), US Patent 5, 066, 705 (1991)

[21] Tamaki Y, Ueda S, (Dainippon Ink & Chemicals), Jpn. Patent 5, 202, 162 (1993)

[22] Thoma W, Nachtkamp K, Schroeer W, Langel R, (Bayer), Ger. Offen, DE 3313237 (1984)

[23] Matsuda K, Ohmura H, Sakai T, (Kao Soap), Ger. Offen, DE 2632544 (1997)

[24] Kennedy R, Eur. Coatings J., 10, 670 (1994)

[25] Dijk HV, in Waterborne & Solvent Based Surface Coating Resins and Their Applications, SITA Technology Ltd, London, U. K., Vol. 2, pp 8-45 (1999)

[26] Barrett R, in Waterborne Coatings and Additives, D. Karsa and W. Davies, Eds., The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK, pp 85-104 (1995)

[27] Blank WJ, Tramontano VJ, Prog. Org. Coat., 27, 11 (1996)

[28] David DJ, Staley HB, “Analytical Chemistry of Polyurethanes”, High Polymer Series, Wiley-Interscience, New York, Vol. 16, Part 3 (1969)

[29] Chen W, Krisch KC, Kenney DJ, Wong SJMS, Polymer, 29, 567 (1992)

[30] Kwak YS, Kim EY, Kim HD, Lee JB, Colloid Polym. Sci., 283, 880 (2005)

[31] Doyle CD, Anal. Chem., 33, 77 (1961)

[32] Hiura H, Ebbesen TW, Takagi K, Takahashi H, Chem. Phys. Lett., 202, 509 (1993)

[33] Subramani S, Lee JM, Kim JH, Cheong IW,, Macromol. Res., 13(5), 418 (2005)