The production and low-temperature application of cyanobacterial carbonic anhydrase that catalyzes the reversible hydration between CO2 and HCO3- has been studied. The genes encoding carbonic anhydrase was isolated from the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. strain PCC7120 that performs a photosynthesis in a wide range of temperature and even at around 288 K, and functionally expressed it in Escherichia coli Origami B(DE3) using an expression vector pET15b. The specific activity reached 528 WA (Wilbur-Anderson units per mg of protein) at 298 K, which was 2.5 times higher than that at 310 K. Addition of this recombinant carbonic anhydrase to the aerated culture of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC7942/1 at 293 K increased the carbon dioxide fixation rate 1.9 fold to that without its addition.