In this study, we performed RTD measurement at the die exit of co-rotating twin-screw extruder using a non-destructive ultrasonic device. The ultrasonic device was attached at slit die and was composed of a steel buffer rod and 10 MHz longitudinal piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer. This in-line ultrasonic monitoring method is based on the ultrasonic response of CaCO3 filled in polymer. The RTD is evaluated by variation of ultrasonic attenuation with time caused by change of the tracer concentration during extrusion. The ultrasonic tracer, pellet type of compounded CaCO3 in polymer was used in this study. The effects of tracer concentration on RTD and flow patterns were studied. Evaluation for the residence functions at different screw speeds, feeding rates and screw configurations were also carried out.