1-Deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) encoded by a multigene family in plants, catalyzes the first step in the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway. Three rice DXS-related sequences (OsDXS) were identified from available rice databases. The open reading frame of three OsDXS genes (dxs1, dxs2, and dxs3) were amplified against cDNA template. Ratio of their transcript levels in etiolated rice leaf was 9:181:1. While the expression levels were not changed along the growth stages of etiolated culture, UV-irradiation of the etiolated rice induced the expression of dxs3 up to nine-fold compared with that of unirradiated control. In the case of light-illumination, the relative expression of dxs1 based on unilluminated control increased two-fold. The differential expression of three OsDXS genes suggested their distinct and complementary roles in the control of the first step of the MEP pathway in response to environmental stimuli.