Separation Science and Technology, Vol.40, No.7, 1439-1460, 2005
Simultaneous separation of two oxyranions from their mixture using micellar enhanced ultrafiltration
Surfactant-based separation of two oxyanions (Cr2O7= and MnO4-) from their mixture is studied to assess the potential of micellar enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF). Cetyl(hexadecyl) pyridinium chloride (CPC) has been taken as the cationic surfactant. An organic polyamide membrane of a molecular weight cut off of 1000 is used. About 99% retention of the solutes is observed under unstirred batch mode. In order to improve the permeate flux and the retention of the solutes, cross-flow studies are also conducted. The retention of solutes without using surfactant varies from 6 to 15% only, at a typical feed mixture concentration of 0.05 kg/m(3) for each of the two solutes. Under the same operating conditions, the solute retention increases up to 99% using surfactant micelle. The effects of various operating conditions, e.g., concentrations of surfactant and solutes, transmembrane pressure drop and cross-flow rate (for cross-flow experiments), etc., on the permeate flux and observed retention are studied in detail in the batch as well as in the cross-flow mode. Surfactants present in the permeate and retentate are then recovered by a two-step chemical treatment process. In the first step, the surfactant is precipitated by potassium iodide and in the second step, it is recovered from the precipitate by the addition of cupric chloride. Optimum amounts of potassium iodide and cupric chloride are also experimentally obtained.
Keywords:oxyanions;cationic surfactant;micellar enhanced ultrafiltration;permeate;flux;observed retention;precipitation