Pt-based binary or ternary catalysts containing Rh for use as anodes in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) were synthesized by borohydride reduction method combined with freeze-drying. The resulting catalysts had a specific surface area of approximately 65-75 m(2)/g. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicated that the catalysts were well alloyed and the average size of alloy catalysts was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Pt/Rh (2: 1) and Pt/Ru/Rh (5:4: 1) alloy catalysts showed better catalytic activities for methanol electrooxidation than Pt or Pt/Ru (1: 1), respectively. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.