In this contribution, a rigorous process model to simulate the start-up of a cold and empty reactive distillation (RD) column is developed and experimentally validated with a transesterification process. Strategies for time optimal start-up of an RD column are presented. The mostly used strategy for conventional distillation of total reflux for RD is only recommendable with limitations. New, alternative strategies, like the recycling of the off-spec bottom and top product or the initial charging with product, to minimize the necessary start-up time are presented. Suitable strategies can save up to 82% of the needed time for the column start-up. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.