We compare two different strategies for fabricating self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) exhibiting a thiol-terminated organic surface, which recently has attracted considerable interest with regard to the binding of metal, and in particular gold particles, to these organic surfaces. Results obtained by IR spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) reveal that the straightforward approach, namely, using the corresponding organodithiols, typically leads to the formation of disordered, ill-defined surfaces. We demonstrate that high-quality organothiolate adlayers exhibiting an SH-terminated surface can be prepared using dithiols where one of the thiol groups is protected by a thioester group. After formation of the organothiolate adlayer, the protecting group can be removed by immersion into NaOH solution. IR spectra recorded for the deprotected organothiolate adlayer reveal the presence of a highly oriented organothiolate adlayer.