Chemical Engineering & Technology, Vol.26, No.12, 1217-1224, 2003
Engineering solutions for limiting the increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide
The article describes possible engineering solutions that can reduce the carbon dioxide (CO2) content of the air. To demonstrate the point fossil fuel power plants will be taken as a model for the source Of CO2. The global mass balance shows that the oceans play a major role in storing CO2. The hypothesis presented states that the real problem is not the absolute CO2 content, rather its change. Consequently, present emissions should be stored for future release. Under the current worldwide measures to reduce power consumption CO2 emissions are unlikely to decrease. A number of strategies for the maritime sequestration Of CO2 are reported in the contribution. One proposal for sequestration is the use of shallow waters which form a thermohaline current: the dissolved gas will travel for hundreds of years in deep sea currents. In the latter case, CO2 injection is easily achieved. Several scenarios are considered for the fate of this CO2-enriched current. The environmental impact is briefly reported. The article will describe current research requirements, demonstrating that similar research in the US and Japan is presently more advanced in comparison to that in Europe. The sequestration of carbon dioxide on land will be the subject of a second publication. It is obvious that the sequestration Of CO2 is the method after all rational chances to save energy.