Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol.270, No.2, 388-395, 2004
The critical gas saturation in a porous medium in the presence of gravity
The critical gas saturation, S-gc, denotes the volume fraction of the gas phase at the onset of bulk gas flow during the depressurization of a supersaturated liquid in a porous medium. In the absence of gradients due to viscous or gravity forces, S-gc is controlled by nucleation, capillary forces, and the rate of decline of the supersaturation. In this paper we address one important additional effect, that of buoyancy. We use 2-D pore-network simulations, based on invasion percolation in a gradient (IPG), and corresponding scaling relations to obtain the dependence of S-gc on the gravity Bond number, B, under conditions of slow growth, namely when mass transfer is sufficiently fast. The critical gas saturation approaches two plateau values at low and high Bond numbers. In the in-between region it scales as a power law of B, which for a 2-D lattice is S-gc similar to B-0.91. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keywords:porous media;critical gas saturation;phase change;gradient percolation;pore networks;nucleation