Application of Combined Coagulation-Ultrafiltration Membrane Process for Water Treatment

Lim-Seok Kang; Chul-Woo Jung

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.20, No.5, 855-861, September, 2003

DOI10.1007/BF02697288 Export Citation

Application of Combined Coagulation-Ultrafiltration Membrane Process for Water Treatment

Lim-Seok Kang, and Chul-Woo Jung^{1, †}

Daegu Gyeongbuk Development Institute, Daegu 706-712, Korea
¹Department of Environmental Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-739, Korea

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The objectives of this research are to identify the membrane fouling potential due to different fractions of NOM and correlate the physicochemical properties of NOM and membranes with the adsorption of humic substances on membrane and investigate the mechanism of coagulation affecting UF, and find the optimum conditions of the combined of coagulation with UF membrane filtration for NOM removal. For Nakdong river water, the humic acid fraction was the most reactive precursor fraction for the formation of the ratio of THMFP/DOC (STHMFP) and TOXFP/DOC (STOXFP). The result of adsorption kinetics tests showed that hydrophobic organics adsorbed much more quickly than hydrophilic organics on both membranes. Thus, hydrophobic compounds exhibited a preferential adsorption onto membrane. In case of the effect of membrane properties on the adsorption of organic fractions, the adsorption ratio (C_t/C_e) was greater for the hydrophobic membrane than for the hydrophilic membrane regardless of the kind of organic fractions. For combined coagulation with membrane process, flux reduction rate showed lower than the UF process alone. Also, the rate of flux decline for the hydrophobic membrane was considerably greater than for the hydrophilic membrane. Applying the coagulation process before membrane filtration showed not only reduced membrane fouling, but also improved removal of dissolved organic materials that might otherwise not be removed by the membrane. That is, during the mixing period, substantial changes in particle size distribution occurred under rapid and slow mixing conditions due to the simultaneous formation of microflocs and NOM precipitates. Therefore, combined pretreatment using coagulation (both rapid mixing and slow mixing) improved not only dissolved organic removal efficiency but also DBP (Disinfection By-Product) precursor’s removal efficiency.

Keywords:NOM;Coagulation;Ultrafiltration;DBPFP;Flux;Adsorption

[References]

Agbekodo MK, Legube B, Cote P, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 88(5), 67 (1996)
Amicon Inc., Laboratory Separation, Product Catalog, Publication, 716 (1987)
APHA-AWWA-WEF, "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," APHA-AWWA-WEF, 20th eds. (1998)
Cheryan M, "Ultrafiltration Handbook," Technomic Publishers, Lancaster, PA (1986)
Collins M, Amy G, Steelink C, Environ. Sci. Technol., 20(10), 1028 (1986)
Croue JP, Martin B, Deguin A, Legube B, "Isolation and Characterization of Natural Organic Matter from Surface Water/Comparison of Resin Adsorption and Membrane Filtration Isolation Procedure," Natural Organic Matter Workshop, Poitiers, France, September '96, 6 (1996)
Cuperus FP, Smolders CA, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 35, 135 (1991)
Fu P, Ruiz H, Thompson K, Spangenberg C, J. Am. Water Works. Assoc., 86(12), 55 (1994)
Hermia J, Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng., 60, 183 (1982)
Jacangelo JG, Laine JM, Cummings EW, Adham SS, J. Am. Water Works. Assoc., 87(3), 100 (1995)
Jung CW, Han SW, Kang LS, J. Korea Soc. Environ. Eng., 24(8), 1339 (2002)
Jung CW, "Removal of Natural Organic Matter by Combined Coagulation-UF Membrane Process for Water Treatment," Ph.D., Thesis, Department of Environmental Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan (2002)
Kang LS, Han SW, Jung CW, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 18(6), 965 (2001)
Kim EJ, Jung CW, Choi SH, Kang LS, J. Korean Soc. Environ. Eng., 23(4), 631 (2001)
Laine JM, Clark MM, Mallevialle J, J. Am. Water Works. Assoc., 82(12), 82 (1990)
Laine JM, Hagstrom JP, Clark MM, Mallevialle J, J. Am. Water Works. Assoc., 81(11), 61 (1989)
Lahoussine-Turcaud V, Wiesner MR, Bottero JY, J. Membr. Sci., 52(2), 173 (1990)
Lee CK, Hong J, J. Membr. Sci., 39(1), 79 (1988)
Logan BE, Jiang Q, J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE, 116(6), 1046 (1990)
McCabe WL, Smith JC, Harriott P, "Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering," McGraw-Hill, New York, U.S.A. (1985)
Summer RS, Hooper SM, Shukairy HM, Solaril G, Owen D, J. Am. Water Works. Assoc., 88(6), 80 (1996)
Thurman E, Malcolm R, Environ. Sci. Technol., 15(4), 463 (1981)
Tipping E, Ohnstad M, Chem. Geol., 44, 349 (1984)
Wiesner MR, Lahoussine-Turcaud V, Fiessinger F, "Organic Removal and Particle Formation using a Partially Neutralized AlCl₃," in Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the American Water Works Association, Denver, CO (1986)
Yuan W, Zydney AL, J. Membr. Sci., 157(1), 1 (1999)

[Referenced By]

[1] Agbekodo MK, Legube B, Cote P, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 88(5), 67 (1996)

[2] Amicon Inc., Laboratory Separation, Product Catalog, Publication, 716 (1987)

[3] APHA-AWWA-WEF, "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," APHA-AWWA-WEF, 20th eds. (1998)

[4] Cheryan M, "Ultrafiltration Handbook," Technomic Publishers, Lancaster, PA (1986)

[5] Collins M, Amy G, Steelink C, Environ. Sci. Technol., 20(10), 1028 (1986)

[6] Croue JP, Martin B, Deguin A, Legube B, "Isolation and Characterization of Natural Organic Matter from Surface Water/Comparison of Resin Adsorption and Membrane Filtration Isolation Procedure," Natural Organic Matter Workshop, Poitiers, France, September '96, 6 (1996)

[7] Cuperus FP, Smolders CA, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 35, 135 (1991)

[8] Fu P, Ruiz H, Thompson K, Spangenberg C, J. Am. Water Works. Assoc., 86(12), 55 (1994)

[9] Hermia J, Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng., 60, 183 (1982)

[10] Jacangelo JG, Laine JM, Cummings EW, Adham SS, J. Am. Water Works. Assoc., 87(3), 100 (1995)

[11] Jung CW, Han SW, Kang LS, J. Korea Soc. Environ. Eng., 24(8), 1339 (2002)

[12] Jung CW, "Removal of Natural Organic Matter by Combined Coagulation-UF Membrane Process for Water Treatment," Ph.D., Thesis, Department of Environmental Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan (2002)

[13] Kang LS, Han SW, Jung CW, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 18(6), 965 (2001)

[14] Kim EJ, Jung CW, Choi SH, Kang LS, J. Korean Soc. Environ. Eng., 23(4), 631 (2001)

[15] Laine JM, Clark MM, Mallevialle J, J. Am. Water Works. Assoc., 82(12), 82 (1990)

[16] Laine JM, Hagstrom JP, Clark MM, Mallevialle J, J. Am. Water Works. Assoc., 81(11), 61 (1989)

[17] Lahoussine-Turcaud V, Wiesner MR, Bottero JY, J. Membr. Sci., 52(2), 173 (1990)

[18] Lee CK, Hong J, J. Membr. Sci., 39(1), 79 (1988)

[19] Logan BE, Jiang Q, J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE, 116(6), 1046 (1990)

[20] McCabe WL, Smith JC, Harriott P, "Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering," McGraw-Hill, New York, U.S.A. (1985)

[21] Summer RS, Hooper SM, Shukairy HM, Solaril G, Owen D, J. Am. Water Works. Assoc., 88(6), 80 (1996)

[22] Thurman E, Malcolm R, Environ. Sci. Technol., 15(4), 463 (1981)

[23] Tipping E, Ohnstad M, Chem. Geol., 44, 349 (1984)

[24] Wiesner MR, Lahoussine-Turcaud V, Fiessinger F, "Organic Removal and Particle Formation using a Partially Neutralized AlCl₃," in Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the American Water Works Association, Denver, CO (1986)

[25] Yuan W, Zydney AL, J. Membr. Sci., 157(1), 1 (1999)