Near-UV and blue-light-emitting polymers were synthesized with luminescent functional groups in the side chains or in the polymer main chain. The unsubstituted fluorophores, 2,5-diphenylfuran, 2-phenylbenzoxazole, and triphenylamine, do not form excimers in solution; however, in the case of polymers, excimer emission was negligible only with 2-phenylbenzoxazole derivatives. The monomers as well as the polymers, poly(2-(4-vinylphenyl)-benzoxazole), poly{N-(4-benzoxazol-2-yl-phenyl)-N'-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]urea}, and the polyurea of 2-(4-aminophenyl)5-aminobenzoxazole with 1,5-diisocyanato-2-methylpentane, were strong blue emitters; photoluminescence shifted to longer wavelengths than that of 2-phenylbenzoxazole. Light-emitting polymers containing 2,5-diphenylfuran derivatives, including poly[2-(4-vinylphenyl)-5-phenylfuran], poly[2-(4vinylphenyl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)furan], and poly(N-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-N'-{4-[5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-furyl]phenyl}urea), particularly in solid films, exhibited a strong blue excimer emission. The emission characteristics of polymers with triphenylamine side chains were influenced by the mode of attachment of the luminescent group. A longer spacer group between the lumophore and the polymer main chain successfully minimized excimer emission in poly{N-[2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl]-N'-[4-(N,N-diphenylamino)phenyl]urea}, showing near UV/violet photoluminescence. Polymers with a shorter connecting group, such as poly[4-(NN-diphenylamino)benzyl acrylate], displayed blue excimer emission.