Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol.124, No.41, 12217-12224, 2002
Mechanistic insight into fragmentation reactions of titanapinacolate complexes
Reactions between terminal alkynes or aromatic ketones and titanapinacolate complexes (DMSC)Ti(OCAr2CAr2O) (2, Ar = Ph, and 3, At = p-MeC6H4; DMSC = 1,2-alternate dimethylsilyl-bridged p-tertbutylcalix[4]arene dianion) occur via rupture of the C-C bond of the titanacycle. Thus, reactions of 2 and 3 with terminal alkynes produce 2-oxatitanacyclopent-4-ene or 2-oxatitanacycloheptadiene complexes along with free Ar2CO. These compounds have been characterized spectroscopically and by X-ray crystallography. Because metallapinacolate intermediates have been implicated in important C-C bond-forming reactions, such as pinacol coupling and McMurry chemistry, the mechanism of the fragmentation reactions was studied. Analysis of the kinetics of the reaction of (DMSC)Ti{OC(p-MeC6H4)(2)C(p-MeC6H4)(2)O} (3) with (BuC)-C-t=CH revealed that the fragmentation reactions proceed via a preequilibrium mechanism, involving reversible dissociation of titanapinacolate complexes into (DMSC)Ti(eta(2)-OCAr2) species with release of a ketone molecule, followed by rate-limiting reaction of (DMSC)Ti(eta(2)-OCAr2) species with an alkyne or ketone molecule.