The recent acid/base-catalyzed chemical processes predominantly commercialized since the beginning of 1990s are reviewed in this paper. They use successfully zeolites, heteropolyacids (HPAs), modified zirconia, ion-exchange resins (IERs), and superbase catalysts in homogeneous liquid-phase, heterogeneous liquid-phase and vapor-phase reactions. Especially, the high position-selective performances of some solid acid/base-catalysts having controlled structure have contributed significantly to the improvement of the yields of target products.