Application of Apatite Waste Form for the Treatment of Water-Soluble Wastes Containing Radioactive Elements. Part I: Investigation on the Possibility

Hwan-Seo Park; In-Tae Kim; Hwan-Young Kim; Kyu-Seong Lee; Seoung-Kon Ryu; Joon-Hyung Kim

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.8, No.4, 318-327, July, 2002

Hwan-Seo Park^†, In-Tae Kim¹, Hwan-Young Kim¹, Kyu-Seong Lee¹, Seoung-Kon Ryu², and Joon-Hyung Kim¹

Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
¹Nuclear fuel cycle R&D group, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea
²Department of Environment Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea

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This study suggested a new method to treat water-soluble wastes containing both radioactive and non-radioactive elements. Using the raw materials of apatite, the precipitation reaction with metal chlorides was carried out. It was investigated on the content of radioactive elements, Cs and Sr, in the precipitates, with changing the Ca(OH)2/H3PO4 molar ratios and the concentration of metal chlorides. From the results, it would be concluded that calcium phosphate compound takes Cs and Sr into its crystal structure without a significant Li uptake. Also, the existence of metal chlorides would promote the formation of apatite. At the input Ca/P ratio of 1.67 and thermal treatment temperature, 500 ℃, the structure was hydroxyapatite for LiCl and CsCl, and chloroapatite for SrCl2, Na2SiO3 selectively reacted with Sr and rare earth metal. All the radioactive elements, except CsCl, could be almost perfectly removed from the waste Solution. Without the addition of materials to fabricate the waste form, the precipitates could be formed as waste form at relatively low temperature. The preparation of apatite-type waste form by wet method would be a prospective route to treat water-soluble wastes.

Keywords:apatite;metal chloride;waste form;cesium;strontium

[References]

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Morgan H, Wilson RM, Elliot JC, Dowker SEP, Anderson P, Biomaterials, 21, 617 (2000)
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Erwing RC, Prog. Nucl. Energy, 29, 63 (1995)
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Termine JD, Posner AS, Nature, 211, 268 (1966)
Winand L, Doctoral Thesis, Liege (1960)
Feki HE, Naddari T, Savariault JM, Solid State Sci., 2, 725 (2000)
Siddall R, Hurford AJ, Chem. Geol., 150, 181 (1998)
Mitchell PCH, Parker SF, Simkiss K, Simmons J, J. Inorg. Biochem., 62, 183 (1996)
Feki HE, Rey C, Vignoles M, Tissue Int., 49, 269 (1996)

[Referenced By]

[1] Ikeda Y, Takasima Y, J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 32(11), 1138 (1995)

[2] Donze S, Montagne L, Palavit G, Zeyer M, Jager C, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 263, 132 (2000)

[3] Lewis MA, Fischer DF, Smith LJ, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 76(11), 2826 (1993)

[4] Liu C, Huang Y, Shen W, Cui J, Biomaterials, 22, 301 (2000)

[5] Morgan H, Wilson RM, Elliot JC, Dowker SEP, Anderson P, Biomaterials, 21, 617 (2000)

[6] Silver V, Lameiras FS, Mater. Characterization, 45, 51 (2000)

[7] CuneytTas A, Biomaterials, 21, 1429 (2000)

[8] Gaillard C, Chevarier N, Delichere P, Nuclear Instrument and Methods in Physics Research B, 161-163, 646-650 (2000)

[9] Martin P, Carlot G, Chevarier A, Denauwer C, Panczer G, J. Nucl. Mater., 275, 268 (1999)

[10] Martin P, Chevarier A, Panczer G, J. Nucl. Mater., 278, 202 (2000)

[11] Muras N, Kanematsu Y, Kawaski Y, J. Lumines., 87-89, 488 (2000)

[12] Fcki HE, Savariault JM, BenSalah A, J. Alloy. Compd., 287, 114 (1999)

[13] Trocellier P, Ann. Chim. Sci. Mat., 25, 321 (2000)

[14] Erwing RC, Prog. Nucl. Energy, 29, 63 (1995)

[15] Corbridge DEC, "The Structural Chemistry of Phosphorous," Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam (1974)

[16] Termine JD, Posner AS, Nature, 211, 268 (1966)

[17] Winand L, Doctoral Thesis, Liege (1960)

[18] Feki HE, Naddari T, Savariault JM, Solid State Sci., 2, 725 (2000)

[19] Siddall R, Hurford AJ, Chem. Geol., 150, 181 (1998)

[20] Mitchell PCH, Parker SF, Simkiss K, Simmons J, J. Inorg. Biochem., 62, 183 (1996)

[21] Feki HE, Rey C, Vignoles M, Tissue Int., 49, 269 (1996)