A novel advanced oxidation system using a combined UV/H2O2 technique was constructed for application to wastewater treatment. In this system, wastewater containing H2O2 flows along a channel with a flat surface in a thin film, onto which surface UV rays with a wavelength of 253.7 nm are irradiated. As a model wastewater, we used various dye solutions and investigated decoloration rates under various conditions differing in H2O2 concentration, temperature, UV illuminance, and so on. Based on the model, which takes into consideration the formation as well as the disappearance rate of hydroxyl radical (. OH), distribution of UV illuminance along the depth of the flow, and the rate of reaction between dye and . OH, we could simulate the course of dye decomposition. Furthermore, we showed the existence of an optimum H2O2 concentration for decomposition on the basis of this model.