화학공학소재연구정보센터
Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol.101, No.45, 8496-8502, 1997
Absolute rate constants for the reactions of Cl atoms with CH3Br, CH2Br2, and CHBr3
The rate constants for the reactions of chlorine atoms with the complete series of the three bromomethanes CH3Br (1), CH2Br2 (2), and CHBr3 (3) were measured in a very low pressure reactor, employing a microwave discharge for the generation of Cl atoms with mass spectrometric detection of reactants and products. The experiments were performed in the temperature range 273-363 K and at total pressures similar to 1 mTorr. The reactions proceed via hydrogen atom transfer leading to HCl product and the corresponding bromomethyl radicals. Their rate constant expressions are (in cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1)): k(l) = (1.66 +/- 0.14) x 10(-11) exp(-1072 +/- 46/T), k(2) = (0.84 +/-0.15) x 10(-11) exp(-911 +/- 101/T), and k(3) = (0.43 +/- 0.11) x 10(-11) exp(-809 +/- 142/T). The activation energy of the reaction decreases with additional bromine substitution, which is attributed to the gradual weakening of the corresponding C-H bond strength. Ab initio theoretical calculations performed at the MP2/6-31++G(2d,2p) level of theory suggest C-H bond strengths for CH3Br, CH2Br2, and CHBr3 of 416.58, 407.03, and 396.60 kJ mol(-1), respectively.