International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.41, No.2, 383-392, 1998
A bifurcation study of natural convection in porous media with internal heat sources: the non-Darcy effects
Multiplicity Features of natural convection flow in porous media, generated and sustained by a uniform internal heat source are investigated. The how, in a two-dimensional enclosure, is described by the Brinkman's extension of the Darcy equation. No-slip boundary conditions are used. The focus is on the role of the Brinkman viscous term in influencing the location of singular points. The behavior of the system is regulated by two control parameters, the Rayleigh number (the dynamic parameter) and the Darcy number. The singular solutions are constructed using algorithms from bifurcation theory. Multiple solutions consisting of symmetric and nonsymmetric solution branches, are revealed as the control parameters change. The range of the Rayleigh number for which a unique solution exists is enlarged when the Darcy number is increased. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.