Photoluminescence (PL) from fullerene (C-60 and C-70)-doped polymers such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), poly(methyl phenyl silane) (PMPS) and poly(phenyl silsesquioxane): (PPSQ) increases gradually under laser irradiation in air (but not in vacuum and in nitrogen) and eventually becomes visible to the naked eye. Concomitantly, the PL peak is broadened and, in most cases, blue-shifted. No such PL increases are observed for pure C60 films made by vacuum vapor deposition and pure polymer films. Among the polymers used, fullerene-doped PMMA has the greatest PL increase after several hours of laser irradiation and fullerene-doped PMPS has the highest rate of PL increase at the initial stage of the laser irradiation. To gain an insight into the mechanism of the PL increase, laser-irradiated fullerene-doped PMMA samples were analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FT-IR, mass spectrometry, GPC and NMP. The results show that the PL increase can be attributed to C60On-polymer (or C70On-polymer) and oxidized fullerene-polymer adducts formed by some laser-induced photochemical reactions among fullerenes, oxygen and polymers.