인산형 연료전지용 백금담지 카본전극에서의 백금입자가 산소환원반응에 미치는 영향

황정태; 종종식; 최준수; 성준용; 김화용; 윤인섭

HWAHAK KONGHAK, Vol.29, No.6, 680-686, December, 1991

Influence of Platinum Particle Size of Carbon-Supported Electrode on the Electroreduction of Oxygen in Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell

황정태, 종종식, 최준수, 성준용, 김화용, 윤인섭

초록

함침법 및 colloidal법을 사용하여 카본 블랙 담체에 평균입자크기가 0.8에서 1.8nm의 백금입자를 담지시켰다. 백금의 입자크기와 결정간 간격을 변화시키기 위해, 카본의 표면적을 변화시키고 제조된 백금/카본 촉매를 800℃, 헬륨분위기에서 처리하였다. 이들 촉매를 Teflon과 섞어 전극으로 만든 뒤 190℃, 100%인산에서 산소환원반응에 대한 실험을 하였다. 촉매활성은 백금입자크기에 큰 영향을 받아서, 질량활성은 약 3nm에서 최대를 보이고 비활성은 입자크기가 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 결정간 간격이 활성에 미치는 효과는 주로 백금입자크기에 의한 영향이었다. 전극성능은 0.7V/RHE에서 단위 전극면적당 약 270mA의 산소환원전류를 얻을 수 있었다.

Platinum particles with mean particle size from 0.8 to 1.8nm were loaded on carbon black sup-ports by either impregnation or colloidal method. In order to change particle size and intercrystallite distance of platinum, the surface area of carbon was varied and the prepared Pt/carbon catalysts were treated at 800℃ in helium atmosphere. An half-cell test was conducted with Teflon-bonded Pt/C electrodes in order to investigate the oxygen reduction current density in 100% H₃PO₄ at 190℃. Catalytic activity was strongly dependent on the platinum particle size; the maximum in mass activity was observed at about 3nm and the specific activity increased with increase in particle size. The effect of intercrystallite distance on the activity was mainly contributed from the effect of platinum particle size. It was possible to obtain the oxygen reduction current density of 270mA per cm² electrode at cathode potential of 0.7V/RHE.

[References]

Kinoshita K, J. Electrochem. Soc., 137(3), 845 (1990)
Peuckert M, Yoneda T, Dalla Betta RA, Boudart M, J. Electrochem. Soc., 133(5), 944 (1986)
Sattler ML, Ross PN, Ultramicroscopy, 20, 21 (1986)
Watanabe M, Sei H, Stonehart P, J. Electroanal. Chem., 261, 375 (1989)
Bett J, Lundquist J, Washington E, Stonehart P, Electrochim. Acta, 18, 343 (1973)
Bregoli LJ, Electrochim. Acta, 23, 489 (1978)
Passalacqua E, Pino L, Vivaldi M, Giordano N, Scagliotti M, Ricci N, 1990 Fuel Cell Seminar, Program and Abstracts, Arizona, November (1990)
Jalan VM, Bushnell CL, U.S. Patent, 4,136,059 (1979)
Ehrburger P, Walker PL, J. Catal., 55, 63 (1975)
Solano LA, Reinooso RF, Martinez SC, Mahajan OP, Walker PL, Carbon, 20, 177 (1982)
Burguete PF, Solano LC, Reinooso RF, Martinez SC, J. Catal., 115, 98 (1989)
Buchanan JS, Keck L, Lee J, Proceeding of the 1st International Fuel Cell Workshop, Tokyo, Japan, September (1989)
Chin DT, Chang HH, J. Appl. Electrochem., 19, 95 (1989)
Maoka T, Electrochim. Acta, 33(3), 371 (1988)

[Referenced By]

[1] Kinoshita K, J. Electrochem. Soc., 137(3), 845 (1990)

[2] Peuckert M, Yoneda T, Dalla Betta RA, Boudart M, J. Electrochem. Soc., 133(5), 944 (1986)

[3] Sattler ML, Ross PN, Ultramicroscopy, 20, 21 (1986)

[4] Watanabe M, Sei H, Stonehart P, J. Electroanal. Chem., 261, 375 (1989)

[5] Bett J, Lundquist J, Washington E, Stonehart P, Electrochim. Acta, 18, 343 (1973)

[6] Bregoli LJ, Electrochim. Acta, 23, 489 (1978)

[7] Passalacqua E, Pino L, Vivaldi M, Giordano N, Scagliotti M, Ricci N, 1990 Fuel Cell Seminar, Program and Abstracts, Arizona, November (1990)

[8] Jalan VM, Bushnell CL, U.S. Patent, 4,136,059 (1979)

[9] Ehrburger P, Walker PL, J. Catal., 55, 63 (1975)

[10] Solano LA, Reinooso RF, Martinez SC, Mahajan OP, Walker PL, Carbon, 20, 177 (1982)

[11] Burguete PF, Solano LC, Reinooso RF, Martinez SC, J. Catal., 115, 98 (1989)

[12] Buchanan JS, Keck L, Lee J, Proceeding of the 1st International Fuel Cell Workshop, Tokyo, Japan, September (1989)

[13] Chin DT, Chang HH, J. Appl. Electrochem., 19, 95 (1989)

[14] Maoka T, Electrochim. Acta, 33(3), 371 (1988)