Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol.241, No.2, 497-501, 2001
Rheology of PVC plastisol - IV. Force balance among osmotic pressure, normal stress, and dilatational stress
The normal stress values have been calculated for the pseudoplastic region and the dilatant region of the steady-state flow of PVC plastisols. The viscosity-shear rate data had been taken from the literature and analyzed previously to quantitatively describe the presence of an immobilized layer. In the present work the normal stress in the pseudo-plastic region was evaluated as a force acting against the expansion of the immobilized layer caused by the osmotic pressure. The osmotic pressure is that which arises from the concentration difference between the mobile phase and the immobilized layer. The calculated normal stress increases with increasing shear rate. The trend is similar to that observed with other systems such as polymer solutions and polymer melts. In the dilatant region the dilatational stress acting on the immobilized layer is present in addition to the above osmotic pressure; the normal stress is counteracting the dilatational stress and the osmotic pressure. Therefore, the calculated sum of the latter two forces gives the magnitude of the normal stress. The normal stress values have been found to be constant, independent of shear rate.