Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol.241, No.2, 448-458, 2001
Observations of singularity formation during the capillary collapse and bubble pinch-off of a soap film bridge
Observations of capillary-driven collapse of a soap film bridge and consequent bubble pinch-off are reported. According to a recent mathematical surface model, in which the surface tension force is resisted only by the fluid inertia, a neck starts on the midplane between the solid supports and splits into two mirror-symmetric necks that straddle the midplane, and these necks "turn over" (the interface becomes multivalued), after which self-similarity develops as the pinch-off exhibits finite time blow-up of both principal curvatures. Singular curvatures imply an unbounded pressure and diverging axial and, radial velocities. It is therefore anticipated that the model breaks down at a length scale near pinch-off where neglected physics becomes important in the experiment. This paper examines where and how the model breaks down. Observations on length scales from 200 mm. down to 0.2 mm (time scales from 1.0 s down to 10(-4) s) show that the model quantitatively predicts behavior down to the millimeter scale below which deviations occur. These deviations are attributed to the finite thickness of the soap film whose inertia can be considerable in motions approaching 10 m/s.