Catalysis Letters, Vol.41, No.1-2, 69-78, 1996
Bifunctional Properties of Al-Ts-1 Synthesized by Wetness Impregnation of Amorphous Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 Solids Prepared by the Sol-Gel Method
Ti-containing ZSM-5 (Al-TS-1) has been synthesized by wetness impregnation of amorphous Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 solids with TPAOH solutions and subsequent crystallization under autogenous pressure at 170 degrees C The cogel containing aluminum, titanium and silicon oxides used as raw material has been prepared following a two-step (acid-base) sol-gel process which leads to the formation of Si-O-Ti and Si-O-Al bonds previously to the zeolite crystallization. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms the high crystallinity of TS-1 and Al-TS-1 obtained by this procedure whereas thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of TPAOH-containing samples and n-C-6 adsorption measurements show the purity of the different samples. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) evidences the incorporation of Ti and NH3 temperature programmed desorption confirms the acidic properties of Al-TS-1. Diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (DR UV-VIS) shows that Ti atoms occupy tetrahedral positions in the Al-TS-1 and TS-1 lattices whereas bulk anastase and/or extraframework Ti species are not detected. Si-29 and Al-27 magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR) spectroscopy indicate the presence of Al occupying tetrahedral positions in the Al-TS-1 framework. Therefore, the simultaneous incorporation of Ti and Al provides the Al-TS-1 samples with bifunctional properties showing high catalytic activity for n-hexane oxyfunctionalization with H2O2 and for alcohols etherification reactions. When it is compared to the conventional procedures of Al-TS-1 preparation by hydrothermal crystallization of a liquid gel, the method studied here is simpler, requires a lower reaction volume and proceeds with shorter synthesis time. In addition Al-TS-1 prepared through this alternative method exhibits better catalytic properties than the material synthesized following a recipe based on hydrothermal crystallization of a liquid gel.
Keywords:CRYSTALLINE TITANIUM SILICALITES;CATALYTIC PROPERTIES;HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE;MFI STRUCTURE;SIO2-TIO2 SOLIDS;TS-1;PROPYLENE;TI;AL