The molecular-scale lithographic applications of a technique which we have developed and termed redox probe microscopy, RPM, in which an AFM tip is modified with redox-active materials, are presented. In this technique, the interactions between the tip and an adsorbate or between the tip and a surface are modulated by means of the electrode potential, allowing for the generation of desired surface structures and patterns. Two cases are presented: (a) the use of an RPM tip to deliberately manipulate and position objects ("microtweezers") and (b) the utilization of an RPM tip to "pattern" a pH-sensitive block copolymer using what we term the "pH-stylus". In the first case, the AFM tip is modified with a film of poly(vinylferrocene) and the adhesive interactions of the modified tip with sulfonated chromatography beads are deliberately controlled to be either strong or weak depending on the redox state of the ferrocene centers, allowing for the deliberate positioning of the beads to generate a pattern. In the pH-stylus, an RPM tip is modified with a hydroquinone self-assembling monolayer which upon oxidation releases protons. By a scan of such a modified tip over a pH-sensitive block copolymer and control of the electrode potential, the polymer film can be exposed to generate patterns.