Journal of Membrane Science, Vol.187, No.1-2, 151-157, 2001
Removal of mercury from gas streams by oxidative membrane gas absorption
Mercury is a hazardous chemical that is present in a variety of gas streams. This work focuses on the removal of mercury from waste-incineration and soil thermal treatment off-gas, natural gas and the glycol-overhead in a natural gas dryer by oxidative membrane gas absorption (oxi-MGA). The mercury in these gas streams is merely present in the metallic form. Suitable oxidisers were selected and the stability of several oxidiser-membrane combinations was tested by a static immersion method and by monitoring the temporal development of mass transfer for SO2. It was concluded that PTFE membranes are needed for this application. Furthermore, the mercury mass transfer was studied. It was found that mass transfer is limited by diffusion in the liquid phase for relatively weak oxidisers and by reaction kinetics or diffusion through the membrane for strong oxidisers. With the generated mass transfer data, the required membrane area and investment costs were estimated. Finally, the precipitation of mercury sulphide turned out to be the most suitable method for regeneration of the absorption liquid. It was calculated that in the case of glycol-overhead treatment, the costs for regeneration of the absorption liquid are negligible compared to the costs of the absorption process.
Keywords:mercury;membrane contactor;oxidation;PTFE;membrane gas absorption;gas treatment;gas scrubbing;natural gas