Results from modeling designs of Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 thin-film PV modules show that grided modules, at standard test conditions as well as at low-concentrated light, exhibit significantly improved performance when compared with conventional designs. It is further discussed that a grided design is advantageous from a synthesis and manufacturing point of view, since it provides higher front contact process tolerance and throughput as well as improved degrees of freedom of the module geometry. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.