사이징계에 따른 유리섬유/불포화 폴리에스터 복합재료의 계면 접착력과 기계적 물성

박수진; 김택진; 이재락; 홍성권; 김영근; Soo-Jin Park; Teak-Jin Kim; Jae-Rock Lee; Sung-Kwon Hong; Yeung-Keun Kim

Polymer(Korea), Vol.24, No.3, 326-332, May, 2000

Influence of Sizing Agent on Interfacial Adhesion and Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber/Unsaturated Polyester Composites

박수진 ^†, 김택진, 이재락, 홍성권¹, 김영근²

한국화학연구소 화학소재연구부
¹충남대학교 고분자공학과
²(주)강남정공

Soo-Jin Park^†, Teak-Jin Kim, Jae-Rock Lee, Sung-Kwon Hong¹, and Yeung-Keun Kim²

Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Yusong, Taejon 305-600, Korea
¹Department of Polymer and Engineering, Chungnam Natioanl University, Yusong, Taejon 305-764, Korea
²Kangnam Industrial Co., Ansan, Kyunggi 425-110, Korea

E-mail:

초록

유리섬유/불포화 폴리에스터 복합재료에서 섬유에 처리된 사이징계가 복합재료의 최종 물성에 미치는 영향을 상온에서의 접촉각 측정을통해 고찰하였다. 본 연구에서는 폴리비닐알코올, 폴리에스터, 그리고 에폭시계 사이징제를 사용하여 유리섬유의 표면을 처리하였으며 각각의 물성을 비교하였다. 유리섬유의 접촉각은 증류수와 diiodomethane을 접음액으로 사용하여 Washburn식을 기본으로 한 wicking법으로 측정하였다. 결과적으로 접촉각 측정에 의해 구한 표면자유에너지는 에폭시게 사이징제로 처리된 유리섬유에서 최대값을 나타내었다. 복합재료의 층간 전단 강도(ILSS)와 파괴인성(K_IC)의 측정 결과로부터 사이징제의 처리에 따라 계면 결합력이 증진되면 결과적으로 복합재료의 기계적 강도가 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 이것은 복합재료에서 유리섬유의 표면 자유에너지 증가에 기인한다고 사료된다.

The effects of sizing agent on the final mechanical properties of the glass fiber/ unsaturated polyester composites were investigated by contact angle measurements at room temperature. In this work, glass fibers were coated by poly(vinyl alcohol), polyester, and epoxy type sizing agent and each property was compared. Contact angles of the sized glass fiber were measured by the wicking method based on Washburn equation using deionized water and diiodomethane as testing liquids. As an experimental result, the surface free energy calculated from contact angle showed the highest value in case of the glass fiber coated by epoxy sizing agent. From measurements of interlaminar shear strength(ILSS) and fracture toughness (K_IC) of the composites, it was found that the sizing treatment on fibers could improve the fiber/matrix interfacial adhesion, resulting in growing the final mechanical properties This was due to the enhanced surface free energy of glass fibers in a composite system.

Keywords:Fiber/matrix adhesion;Sizing;Contact angle;Surface free energy;Interlaminar shear strength;Fracture toughness

[References]

Knox CE, "Handbook of Composites," ed. by George Lubin, van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1982 (1982)
Mallick PK, "Fiber-reinforced Composites," Marcel Dekker, New York, 1988 (1988)
Schwartz MM, "Composite Materials Handbook," McGraw-Hill, New York, 1992 (1992)
Norita T, Matsui J, Matsuda HS, "Composite Interfaces," eds. by H. Ishida and J.L. Koenig, Elsevier, New York, 1986 (1986)
Park SJ, "Interfacial Forces and Fields: Theory and Applications," ed. by J.P. Hsu, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1999 (1999)
Adamson AW, "Physical Chemistry of Surfaces," 5th ed., John Wiley, New York, 1990 (1990)
Israelachvili JN, "Intermolecular and Surface Forces," Academic Press, San Diego, 1992 (1992)
Loewenstein KL, "The Manufacturing Technology of Continuous Glass Fibers," Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1983 (1983)
Scholtens BJR, "The Interactions in Polymeric Composites," Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1993 (1993)
Plueddemann EP, "Silane Coupling Agents," 2nd ed., Plenum Press, New York, 1991 (1991)
Chiang CH, Koenig JL, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 83, 361 (1981)
Graf RT, Koenig JL, Ishida H, Anal. Chem., 56, 773 (1984)
Vandenberg ET, Bertilsson L, Liedberg B, Uvdal K, Erlandsson R, Elwing H, Lundstorm I, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 147, 103 (1991)
Suzuki N, Ishida H, Macromol. Symp., 108, 19 (1996)
Washburn EW, Phys. Rev., 17, 273 (1921)
Wu S, "Polymer Interface and Adhesion," Marcel Dekker, New York, 1982 (1982)
van Oss CJ, "Interfacial Forces in Aqueous Media," Marcel Dekker, New York, 1994 (1994)
Rho SB, Lim MA, Polym.(Korea), 23(5), 662 (1999)
Park SJ, Park WB, Lee JR, Polym. J., 31, 28 (1999)
Fowkes FM, J. Phys. Chem., 66, 382 (1962)
Owens DK, Wendt RC, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 13, 1741 (1969)
Ma K, Chung TS, Good RJ, J. Polym. Sci. B-Polym. Phys., 36(13), 2327 (1998)
Park SJ, Cho MS, Lee JR, Polym.(Korea), 23(5), 717 (1999)
Larson BK, Drzal LT, Composites, 25, 711 (1994)
Suzuki Y, Maekawa Z, Hamada H, Yokoyama A, Sugihara T, J. Mater. Sci., 28, 1725 (1993)
Chen MC, Hourston DJ, Sun WB, Eur. Polym. J., 31, 199 (1995)
Gopal P, Dharani LR, Blum FD, Polym. Polym. Compos., 5, 327 (1997)

[Referenced By]

[Related Articles]

[1] Knox CE, "Handbook of Composites," ed. by George Lubin, van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1982 (1982)

[2] Mallick PK, "Fiber-reinforced Composites," Marcel Dekker, New York, 1988 (1988)

[3] Schwartz MM, "Composite Materials Handbook," McGraw-Hill, New York, 1992 (1992)

[4] Norita T, Matsui J, Matsuda HS, "Composite Interfaces," eds. by H. Ishida and J.L. Koenig, Elsevier, New York, 1986 (1986)

[5] Park SJ, "Interfacial Forces and Fields: Theory and Applications," ed. by J.P. Hsu, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1999 (1999)

[6] Adamson AW, "Physical Chemistry of Surfaces," 5th ed., John Wiley, New York, 1990 (1990)

[7] Israelachvili JN, "Intermolecular and Surface Forces," Academic Press, San Diego, 1992 (1992)

[8] Loewenstein KL, "The Manufacturing Technology of Continuous Glass Fibers," Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1983 (1983)

[9] Scholtens BJR, "The Interactions in Polymeric Composites," Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1993 (1993)

[10] Plueddemann EP, "Silane Coupling Agents," 2nd ed., Plenum Press, New York, 1991 (1991)

[11] Chiang CH, Koenig JL, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 83, 361 (1981)

[12] Graf RT, Koenig JL, Ishida H, Anal. Chem., 56, 773 (1984)

[13] Vandenberg ET, Bertilsson L, Liedberg B, Uvdal K, Erlandsson R, Elwing H, Lundstorm I, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 147, 103 (1991)

[14] Suzuki N, Ishida H, Macromol. Symp., 108, 19 (1996)

[15] Washburn EW, Phys. Rev., 17, 273 (1921)

[16] Wu S, "Polymer Interface and Adhesion," Marcel Dekker, New York, 1982 (1982)

[17] van Oss CJ, "Interfacial Forces in Aqueous Media," Marcel Dekker, New York, 1994 (1994)

[18] Rho SB, Lim MA, Polym.(Korea), 23(5), 662 (1999)

[19] Park SJ, Park WB, Lee JR, Polym. J., 31, 28 (1999)

[20] Fowkes FM, J. Phys. Chem., 66, 382 (1962)

[21] Owens DK, Wendt RC, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 13, 1741 (1969)

[22] Ma K, Chung TS, Good RJ, J. Polym. Sci. B-Polym. Phys., 36(13), 2327 (1998)

[23] Park SJ, Cho MS, Lee JR, Polym.(Korea), 23(5), 717 (1999)

[24] Larson BK, Drzal LT, Composites, 25, 711 (1994)

[25] Suzuki Y, Maekawa Z, Hamada H, Yokoyama A, Sugihara T, J. Mater. Sci., 28, 1725 (1993)

[26] Chen MC, Hourston DJ, Sun WB, Eur. Polym. J., 31, 199 (1995)

[27] Gopal P, Dharani LR, Blum FD, Polym. Polym. Compos., 5, 327 (1997)