Thin Solid Films, Vol.323, No.1-2, 115-125, 1998
Influence of gas phase chemistry on the properties of hydrogenated amorphous silicon and silicon-carbon alloys grown by HACVD
We report on the properties of a-/mu c-Si:H and a-SiC:H grown by hydrogen assisted chemical vapour deposition (HACVD) of different gas mixtures depending on various deposition parameters. Silicon films were grown by using gas mixtures of H-2/SiH4 and H-2/Si2H6, whereas silicon-carbon films were deposited using H-2/CH4/SiH4, H-2/C2H4/SiH4, H-2/C2H4/Si2H6 and H-2/SiH3CH3. The composition and bulk properties of the deposited films are investigated by FT-LR and Raman, XPS, RES, SEM, conductivity measurements and UV/VIS. As proved by Raman and conductivity measurements, mu c-Si:H films are obtained using total pressures P-tot smaller than 5.5 Torr. Above a certain total pressure P-tot (6.5 Torr) a-Si:H films are obtained. As shown by SEM, the amorphous films exhibit a rather smooth surface morphology, whereas the ye films show a grain structure. In the pressure range from 5.5 to 6.5 Torr, a phase transition occurs. Carbon-rich a-SiC:H-films (up to X-c = 0.7) are obtained using C2H4 as carbon source, whereas the use of CH, leads to films with minor amounts of carbon. Films based on CH3SiH3 exhibit a nearly stoichiometric composition and a high degree of chemical order. The composition is influenced by several gas phase parameters, e.g., total pressure P-tot, substrate temperature T-s and the mole fraction of the reaction gases. A gas phase kinetic simulation has been carried out and the validation of the model is tested by comparison with experimental results of silicon film deposition. As a result, the pressure P-calc, at which the concentration of disilene is a hundred fold higher than that of atomic hydrogen, and the characteristic pressure P* of the mu c-/a-Si:H phase transition plotted as a function of Phi(SiH4)/Phi(tot) behave very similar. These results were used to extend the model to the deposition of silicon-carbon films in order to correlate and to discuss the material properties of the silicon-carbon system.
Keywords:ABSOLUTE RATE CONSTANTS;ARRHENIUS PARAMETERS;ATOMIC-HYDROGEN;SILYLENE;KINETICS;TEMPERATURE;DISILANE;THERMOCHEMISTRY;MONOSILANE;DEPOSITION