Lithium-ion cells evolved from efforts to develop a viable rechargeable lithium technology. Replacement of the lithium anode with an intercalation electrode overcomes many of the drawbacks associated with secondary lithium. Materials for lithium-ion cells are generally chosen to minimize the energy density penalties associated with replacing the lithium electrode with an intercalation electrode. The LiNiO2/carbon couple is one such system. In this paper we discuss the chemistry and electrochemistry involved with this technology and describe performance results that have been achieved to date in a variety of cell configurations, both in our laboratory and others.