A new class of soluble poly(p-phenylenevinylene)-modified conjugated polymers with a simple aromatic unit of 3,4-bis(phenylene)-3-cyclobutene-1,2-dione in the main chain was synthesized by the dehalogenation polycondensation and the Heck reaction. The monomer and the polymers were characterized by FT-IR,H-1-NMR, UV-visible, Elemental Anaylsis, TGA and DSC. The resultant polymers were obtained as yellow powder, formed the brittle film from the DMAc solution. These polymers were soluble in polar aprotic solvents, such as NMP, DMAc, DMF and DMSO. The present polymers show absorption bands in the range of 286 similar to 325nm, corresponding to the pi-pi* electronic transition of the conjugated polymer backbones. The photoluminescence spectrum of the polymer 1 shows a peak at 471nm while the polymer 2 has the peak at 522nm with DMAc solution, in the blue emission region.