A series of carbohydrate-based stereoregular copolyamides have been prepared by the active ester polycondensation method. These new optically active polymers contain in their repeating units an aliphatic omega-amino acid and an omega-aminoaldonic acid, which is 5-amino-5-deoxy-2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-L-arabinonic acid in the case of copolyamides referred to as PAn, or 5-amino-5-deoxy-2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D-xylonic acid for copolyamides referred to as PXn. The polymerization reactions were performed in either N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) or hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA), and the polymers were characterized by elemental microanalysis and IR and H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopies. Both viscosimetry and GPC were used to estimate their molecular weights, and a preliminary exploration of the crystalline structure adopted by these copolyamides has been carried out by X-ray diffraction. Their thermal and optical properties as well as their qualitative solubilities in various solvents and water sorption have been also investigated.