Langmuir, Vol.12, No.11, 2701-2705, 1996
Properties of New Glucamide Surfactants
Properties of new nonionic surfactants are reported. The amphiphiles possess two 12-alkyl chains and two glucamide head-groups and have the formula (CnH2n+1)(2)C[CH2NHCO(CHOH)(4)CH2OH](2) with n = 5-9 (abbreviated here as di-(Cn-Glu)). For di-(C7-Glu) in the concentration range 0.4-8%, an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) is observed; this is unusual behavior for a nonionic surfactant. Nonetheless these materials behave like classic surfactants with regard to changes in liquid crystal phases, surface tensions, and critical micelle concentrations (cmc’s) as a function of chain length n. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) data indicate the presence of anisotropic micelles, cylindrical for di-(C5-, 6-, and 7-Glu) but discoidal for di-(C8-Glu). There is apparently little effect of temperature (25-70 degrees C) on cmc or micelle structures.
Keywords:AMIDE LINKAGES;AMPHIPHILIC PROPERTIES;NONIONIC SURFACTANTS;NEUTRON-SCATTERING;MICELLAR SOLUTIONS;LIGHT-SCATTERING;CRYSTAL;SERIES;CHAIN;GELS