Langmuir, Vol.10, No.10, 3880-3886, 1994
Effects of the Type of Chelating Agent and Deposit Morphology on the Kinetics of the Copper-Aluminum Cementation System
The effects of various chelating agents and deposit morphology on the rates of copper cementation on pure aluminum disks have been studied. The change in the structure and morphology of the resultant copper deposits agrees with the change in the kinetic results calculated from the rate data. The decrease in pH would have accelerated the rate of deposition, by increasing the rate of nucleation and further growth of the deposit into fine dendrites. The copper dendrites protrude into the diffusion boundary layer and increase the mass transfer rates. Experimental data suggest that at fixed pH the specific rate constants increase with the order of EDTA, NTA, no chelating agent, and citrate. The bulbous deposit corresponds to lower rate, the crude dendrites correspond to moderate rate, the dendrites with coarse-textured secondary arms correspond to higher rate, and the featherlike dendrites correspond to the highest rate. No correlation could be drawn between the specific rate constant and deposit grain size. The deposit morphology and the reduction of the diffusivity due to chelating agents should have equal influence on the cementation rate for Cu-EDTA and Cu-NTA systems. In the Cu-citrate system, the deposit morphology should be the dominant factor for cementation.
Keywords:IRON