공침법을 통한 Ni-rich NCMA 합성과 붕소와 주석 도핑을 통한 사이클 특성 향상

전형권; 홍순현; 김민정; 구자훈; 이희상; 최규석; 김천중; Hyungkwon Jeon; Soonhyun Hong; Minjeong Kim; Jahun Koo; Heesang Lee; Gyuseok Choi; Chunjoong Kim

Korean Journal of Materials Research, Vol.32, No.4, 210-215, April, 2022

DOI10.3740/MRSK.2022.32.4.210 Export Citation

공침법을 통한 Ni-rich NCMA 합성과 붕소와 주석 도핑을 통한 사이클 특성 향상

Synthesis of Ni-rich NCMA Precursor through Co-precipitation and Improvement of Cycling through Boron and Sn Doping

전형권, 홍순현, 김민정, 구자훈, 이희상, 최규석^{1, †}, 김천중^†

충남대학교 신소재공학과
¹구미전자정보기술원

Hyungkwon Jeon, Soonhyun Hong, Minjeong Kim, Jahun Koo, Heesang Lee, Gyuseok Choi^{1, †}, and Chunjoong Kim^†

Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
¹Gumi Electronic and Information Technology Research Institute, Gumi, Gyeongbuk, 39171, Republic of Korea

E-mail:,

Extensive research is being carried out on Ni-rich Li(NixCoyMn1-x-y)O2 (NCM) due to the growing demand for electric vehicles and reduced cost. In particular, Ni-rich Li(NixCoyMn1-x-y-zAlz)O2 (NCMA) is attracting great attention as a promising candidate for the rapid development of Co-free but electrochemically more stable cathodes. Al, an inactive element in the structure, helps to improve structural stability and is also used as a doping element to improve cycle capability in Ni-rich NCM. In this study, NCMA was successfully synthesized with the desired composition by direct coprecipitation. Boron and tin were also used as dopants to improve the battery performance. Macro- and microstructures in the cathodes were examined by microscopy and X-ray diffraction. While Sn was not successfully doped into NCMA, boron could be doped into NCMA, leading to changes in its physicochemical properties. NCMA doped with boron revealed substantially improved electrochemical properties in terms of capacity retention and rate capability compared to the undoped NCMA.

Keywords:cathode;Ni-rich Li(NixCoyMn1-x-y-zAlz)O2;boron;tin;doping

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[1] Andre D, Kim SJ, Lamp P, Lux SF, Maglia F, Paschos O, Stiaszny B, J. Mater. Chem. A, 3, 6709 (2015)

[2] Noh HJ, Youn S, Yoon CS, Sun YK, J. Power Sources, 233, 121 (2013)

[3] Jung R, Metzger M, Maglia F, Stinner C, Gasteiger HA, J. Electrochem. Soc., 164, A1361 (2017)

[4] Nguyen TT, Kim UH, Yoon CS, Sun YK, Chem. Eng. J., 405, 126887 (2021)

[5] Lim JM, Hwang T, Kim D, Park MS, Cho K, Cho M, Sci. Rep., 7, 39669 (2017)

[6] Park NY, Ryu HH, Park GT, Noh TC, Sun YK, Adv. Energy Mater., 11, 2003767 (2021)

[7] Kim UH, Kim JH, Hwang JY, Ryu HH, Yoon CS, Sun YK, Mater. Today, 23, 26 (2019)

[8] Song X, Liu G, Yue H, Luo L, Yang S, Huang Y, Wang C, Chem. Eng. J., 407, 126301 (2021)

[9] Wang S, Zhu J, Li Y, Cao G, Chen Y, Zhang D, Tan Z, Yang J, Zheng J, Li H, J. Electroanal. Chem., 888, 115200 (2021)

[10] Julien CM, Mauger A, Energies, 13, 6363 (2020)

[11] Li W, Liu X, Celio H, Smith P, Dolocan A, Chi M, Manthiram A, Adv. Energy Mater., 8, 20170315 (2018)

[12] Xie Q, Li W, Dolocan A, Manthiram A, Chem. Mater., 31, 8886 (2019)

[13] Zhu F, Shi Y, Hu G, Peng Z, Cao Y, Sun Q, Xue Z, Zhang Y, Du K, Ceram. Int., 47, 3070 (2021)

[14] Li G, Zhang Z, Wang R, Huang Z, Zuo Z, Zhou H, Electrochim. Acta, 212, 399 (2016)

[15] Song L, Li X, Xiao Z, Li L, Cao Z, Zhu H, Ionics, 25, 2017 (2018)

[16] Park K, Ham DJ, Park SY, Jang J, Yeon DH, Moon S, Ahn SJ, RSC Adv., 10, 26756 (2020)

[17] Zhang X, Belharouak I, Li L, Lei Y, Elam JW, Nie A, Chen X, Yassar RS, Axelbaum RL, Adv. Energy Mater, 3, 1299 (2013)

[18] Kang GH, Lee KW, Kwon K, Song J, Metals, 7, 395 (2017)

[19] Araki K, Taguchi N, Sakaebe H, Tatsumi K, Ogumi Z, J. Power Sources, 269, 236 (2014)

[20] Schipper F, Dixit M, Kovacheva D, Talianker M, Haik O, Grinblat J, Erickson EM, Ghanty C, Major DT, Markovsky B, Aurbach D, J. Mater. Chem. A, 4, 16073 (2016)

[21] Roitzheim C, Kuo LY, Sohn YJ, Finsterbusch M, Möller S, Sebold D, Valencia H, Meledina M, Mayer J, Breuer U, Kaghazchi P, Guillon O, Fattakhova-Rohlfing D, ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 5, 524 (2021)

[22] Lee SH, Jin BS, Kim HS, Sci. Rep., 9, 17541 (2019)

[23] Zhang L, Li N, Wu B, Xu H, Wang L, Yang XQ, Wu F, Nano Lett., 15, 656 (2015)

[24] Liu WJ, Sun XZ, Zhang X, Li C, Wang K, Wen W, Ma YW, Rare Met., 40, 521 (2020)