Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.38, No.12, 2493-2499, December, 2021
The effect of enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated wastepaper for bioethanol production
E-mail:
Enzymatic hydrolysis of waste biomass for bioethanol production is considered a decades old traditional, inexpensive, and energy-effective approach. In this study, waste office paper was pretreated with diluted sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and hydrolyzed with one of the most available and cost-effective enzymes, cellulase derived from Trichoderma reesei, under submerged static condition. Three different pretreatment approaches--cut into 2 cm2, blended with distilled water, and pretreated with diluted H2SO4--have been implemented, and pretreatment with diluted H2SO4 was the most effective. Hydrolysis with different concentrations--0.5M, 1.0M, 1.5M, 2.0M of H2SO4--was performed. The maximum glucose content was obtained at 2.0M H2SO4 at 90 min reaction time, and glucose yield was 0.11 g glucose/ g wastepaper. The cut paper, wet-blended, and acid-treated wastepaper was hydrolyzed with cellulase enzyme for 2, 4, and 5 consecutive days with 5mg, 10mg, 15mg, and 20mg enzyme loadings. The maximum glucose content obtained was 9.75 g/l from acid-treated wastepaper, after 5 days of enzymatic hydrolysis with 20mg enzyme loading and a glucose yield of a 0.5 g glucose/g wastepaper. The wastepaper hydrolysate was further fermented for 6, 8, and 10 hours continuously with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast), and at 10 hours of fermentation, the maximum glucose consumption was 0.18 g by yeast. Further, HPLC analysis of the fermented medium presented a strong peak of bioethanol content at 16.12min. The distillation of bioethanol by rotary evaporator presented 0.79ml bioethanol/fermented solution, which indicated the conversion efficiency of 79%.
- Lim S, Teong LK, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 14, 938 (2010)
- Balasbaneh AT, Marsono AKB, Khaleghi SJ, J. Building Eng., 20, 235 (2018)
- Hossain N, Razali AN, Mahlia TMI, Chowdhury T, Chowdhury H, Ong HC, Shamsuddin AH, Silitonga AS, Energies, 12, 3947 (2019)
- Ahorsu R, Medina F, Constanti M, Energies, 11, 3366 (2018)
- Clauser NM, Gonzalez G, Mendieta CM, Kruyeniski J, Area MC, Vallejos ME, Sustainability, 13, 794 (2021)
- Muller J, Waste disposal rate in malaysia in 2020. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1133319/malaysia-waste-disposalrate-by-method/
- Annamalai N, et al., Waste and Biomass Valorization, 11, 121 (2020).
- Tadmourt W, Khiari K, Boulal A, Tarabet L, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 1 (2020).
- Byadgi SA, Kalburgi P, Procedia Environ. Sci., 35, 555 (2016)
- Wang L, Sharifzadeh M, Templer R, Murphy RJ, Appl. Energy, 111, 1172 (2013)
- Garg R, Srivastava R, Brahma V, Verma L, Karthikeyan S, Sahni G, Sci. Rep., 6, 1 (2016)
- Hossain N, Zaini JH, Mahlia T, Int. J. Technol., 8, 5 (2017)
- Lin CY, Peng MT, Tsai YC, Tsai SJ, Wu TY, Chien SY, Tsai HJ, Asian J. Agric. Food Sci., 3, 333 (2015)
- Kusmiyati, Mustofa A, Jumarmi, IOP Conf. Series: Mater. Sci. Eng., 358 (2018).
- Rocha J, Alencar B, Mota H, Gouveia E, Cell Chem. Technol., 50, 243 (2016)
- Dubey AK, Gupta P, Garg N, Naithani S, Carbohydr. Polym., 88, 825 (2012)
- Chua K, Sahid EJM, Leong Y, ST-4: Green & Energy Management, 4, 1 (2011).
- Ioelovich M, J. Sci. Res. Rep., 905 (2014).