Three-wavelength white organic light-emitting diodes on silicon for high luminance and color gamut microdisplays

Seong Ji Lee; Chan-mo Kang; Jin-Wook Shin; Dae Hyun Ahn; Chul Woong Joo; Hyunsu Cho; Nam Sung Cho; Hyoc Min Youn; Young Jae An; Jin Sun Kim; Jonghee Lee; Hyunkoo Lee

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.105, 132-137, January, 2022

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2021.09.014 Export Citation

Three-wavelength white organic light-emitting diodes on silicon for high luminance and color gamut microdisplays

Seong Ji Lee^{1, 2}, Chan-mo Kang¹, Jin-Wook Shin¹, Dae Hyun Ahn¹, Chul Woong Joo¹, Hyunsu Cho¹, Nam Sung Cho¹, Hyoc Min Youn³, Young Jae An³, Jin Sun Kim³, Jonghee Lee^{2, †}, and Hyunkoo Lee^{4, †}

¹Reality Display Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea
²Department of Creative Convergence Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
³DONGJIN SEMICHEM CO., LTD, Hwaseong 18635, Republic of Korea
⁴Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Advanced Materials and Systems, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea

E-mail:,

Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) microdisplays have attracted considerable attention owing to their low power consumption, rapid response, high contrast ratio, and self-luminescence. To expand the use of OLED microdisplays, high luminance and vivid color are required. Herein, we developed a highluminance, low-voltage, three-wavelength, top-emitting white OLED (WOLED) using a silicon substrate for complementary metal.oxide.semiconductor-based, full-color microdisplay applications. Optimal thickness of the emitting layer and thickness and position of the interlayer were determined to improve device performance. The device exhibited luminance of ~4,200 cd/m2 at 3.3 V, and the maximum luminance reached 170,000 cd/m2 at 11.4 V. In addition, red, green, and blue color filters were deposited onto the WOLED after the thin-film encapsulation process to verify feasibility of the device for full-color microdisplay applications. The color gamut of the developed WOLED with color filters was 136% compared to sRGB. The maximum luminance and color gamut of the developed device is among the highest values obtained to date for OLED microdisplays.

Keywords:Organic light-emitting diode;Top-emitting OLED;White OLED;OLEDoS;OLED microdisplay

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[1] Jang HJ, Lee JY, Kim J, Kwak J, Park JH, J. Inf. Disp., 21, 1 (2020)

[2] Zhan T, Yin K, Xion J, He Z, Wu ST, IScience, 23 (2020)

[3] Rauschnabel PA, Int. J. Inf. Manage., 57 (2021)

[4] Underwood I, E. Inf. Disp (2000) SID Seminar Notes.

[5] Yang JP, Chen HMP, Huang Y, Chang YC, Lai FW, Wu ST, Hsu C, Tsai R, Hsu R, SID Symp. Dig. Tech. Pap., 50, 933 (2019)

[6] Joo WJ, Kyoung J, Esfandyarpour M, Lee SH, Koo H, Song S, Kwon YN, Song SH, Bae JC, Jo A, Kwon MJ, Han SH, Kim SH, Hwang S, Brongersma ML, Science, 370(6515), 459 (2020)

[7] Kang C, Shin JW, Choi S, et al., J. Inf. Disp., 22, 163 (2021)

[8] Kim JJ, Wang Y, Wang H, Lee S, Yokota T, Someya T, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2009602, 200960 (2021)

[9] Kang C, Lee H, J. Inf. Disp. (2021), https://doi.org/10.1080/15980316.2021.1917461.

[10] Onoyama Y, Yamashita J, Kitagawa H, et al., SID Symp. Dig. Tech. Pap., 43, 950 (2012)

[11] Hwang C, Kim SS, Bang SW, Chin BD, Jo SM, Choi SH, Lee JY, Ju SH, SID Symp. Dig. Tech. Pap., 49, 1003 (2018)

[12] Herold R, Zakhidov A, Vogel U, Richter B, Fehse K, Burghart M, SID Symp. Dig. Tech. Pap., 44, 330 (2013)

[13] Choi S, Kang C, Byun CW, et al., Nat. Commun., 11, 2732 (2020)

[14] Levy GB, Evans W, Ebner J, Farrell P, Hufford M, Allison BH, Wheeler D, Lin H, Prache O, Naviasky E, IEEE J Solid-State Circuits, 37, 1879 (2002)

[15] Cho H, Joo CW, Choi S, Kang C, Kim GH, Shin JW, Kwon BH, Lee H, Byun CW, Cho NS, ETRI. J. (2021).

[16] Cho H, Byun CW, Kang CM, Shin JW, Kwon BH, Choi S, Cho NS, Lee JI, Kim H, Lee JH, Kim M, Lee H, J. Inf. Disp., 20, 249 (2019)

[17] Yu F, Liu Q, Sheng Y, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Sun Z, Zhang C, Xia Q, Li H, Hang XC, Huang W, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 12, 33960 (2020)

[18] Lu M, Guo J, Sun S, Lu P, Zhang X, Shi Z, Yu WW, Zhang Y, Chem. Eng. J., 404 (2021)

[19] Liu J, Zhao Y, Wang S, Xu T, Lan W, Wei B, Opt. Laser Technol., 117, 260 (2019)

[20] Xue Q, Xie G, J. Inf. Disp., 21, 131 (2020)

[21] Deng Y, Keum C, Hillebrandt S, Murawski C, Gather MC, Adv. Opt. Mater., 9, 200164 (2020)

[22] Park J, Lee JH, Lee J, Cho H, J. Inf. Disp., 22, 107 (2021)

[23] Li C, Xu Y, Liu Y, Ren Z, Ma Y, Yan S, Nano Energy, 65 (2019)

[24] Chen Y, Zhu J, Wu Y, Yao J, Yang D, Qiao X, Dai Y, Tong Q, Ma D, J. Mater. Chem. C, 8, 7543 (2020)

[25] Han C, Zhang J, Ma P, Yang W, Xu H, Chem. Eng. J., 405 (2021)

[26] Katsui S, Kobayashi H, Nakagawa T, et al., J. Soc. Inf. Disp., 27, 497 (2019)

[27] Maindron T, Chambion B, Provost M, Vandeneynde A, Peray P, Zussy M, Dechamp J, Rossat C, Gonnin S, J. Soc. Inf. Disp., 27, 723 (2019)

[28] Motoyama Y, Sugiyama K, Tanaka H, Tsuchioka H, Matsusaki K, Fukumoto H, J. Soc. Inf. Disp., 27, 354 (2019)

[29] Hamer J, Kondakova M, Spindler J, Cupello R, Hamer S, Andre M, McClurg S, Pleten A, Primerano B, Scott D, Scherer G, Stickel S, SID Symp. Dig. Tech. Pap., 11473, 149 (2020)

[30] Lee H, Cho H, Byun CW, Kang CM, Han JH, Lee JI, Kim H, Lee JH, Kim M, Cho NS, IEEE Photonics J., 10, 820180 (2018)

[31] Sun Y, Giebink NC, Kanno H, Ma B, Thompson ME, Forrest SR, Nature, 440, 908 (2006)

[32] Ghosh A, Donoghue EP, Khayrullin I, Ali T, Wacyk I, Tice K, Vanzan F, Prache O, Wang Q, Sziklas L, Fellowes D, Draper R, SID Symp. Dig. Tech. Pap., 48, 226 (2017)

[33] Fujii T, Kon C, Motoyama Y, Shimizu K, Shimayama T, Yamazaki T, Kato T, Sakai S, Hashikaki K, Tanaka K, Nakano Y, J. Soc. Inf. Disp., 26, 178 (2018)